Kidney stones can be a very painful
experience. This ebook is designed to
give you ideas on how to prevent and
treat kidney stones.
1. Definition
Kidney stones start when minerals and other substances in
over concentrated urine form crystals on your kidneys.
These crystals can combine to form small, hard masses, or
stones. Most kidney stones pass into your bladder without
causing any permanent damage, but some cause
excruciating pain, while others need surgery.
2. History
Kidney stones can be dated back to the age of the Egyptian
pyramids, and they are still a common disorder today. In
fact, over the years, there have been more and more
incidences of kidney stones.
3. Symptoms
You can have kidney stones without experiencing
symptoms. If you do have signs, it probably means that
there is a blockage. Here are some of the common
symptoms:
• Intense pain that can vary in intensity over
periods of five to 15 minutes.
• Cloudy, bloody, or foul-smelling urine
• Nausea and vomiting
• Persistent urge to urinate
• Fever and chills
4. Causes
There are a lot of factors that can cause kidney stones,
including:
• Heredity
• Lifestyle factors
• Medical conditions
• Diet
• Drugs
• Climate
5. Prevention
There are lots of things that you can do that will prevent
your risk of getting kidney stones. Many of these involve
simply making a few lifestyle changes. We’ll talk more
about these lifestyle changes later in this ebook.

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